Μεταπτυχιακές εργασίες / Master Theses

Μόνιμο URI για αυτήν τη συλλογή

https://apothesis.hmu.gr/handle/20.500.12688/9246

Περιηγούμαι

Πλοήγηση Μεταπτυχιακές εργασίες / Master Theses ανά Θέμα "Adolescent"

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  • Μικρογραφία εικόνας
    Τεκμήριο
    Biomarkers of dietary patterns and neuropsychological function in adolescents
    (ΕΛΜΕΠΑ, Σχολή Επιστημών Υγείας (ΣΕΥ), ΔΠΜΣ Διεπιστημονική Διαχείριση των Χρόνιων Νοσημάτων, της Αναπηρίας και της Γήρανσης, 2025-09-16) Manidis, Alexios; Μανίδης, Αλέξιος; Papandreou, Christoforos; Júlvez Calvo, Jordi; Παπανδρέου, Χριστόφορος
    Adolescence is a critical period of brain maturation during which diet may influence neuropsychological development. This thesis explores the associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption with neuropsychological outcomes in 653 adolescents (aged 11–16) from Barcelona, assessed both cross-sectionally and longitudinally over six months. MD adherence was measured using the KIDMED index, while UPF intake was estimated with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and classified according to the NOVA system. Neuropsychological functioning (attention, working memory, fluid intelligence, decision-making, emotion recognition) was assessed through standardised tests, while behavioural outcomes were evaluated using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and teacher-reported ADHD-DSM-IV rating scales. Multivariable generalized linear models were applied, and urinary polyphenols as well as red blood cell (RBC) membrane fatty acids were used to validate UPF intake and investigate biological mechanisms. Cross-sectionally, higher MD adherence was associated with better executive function and fewer behavioural problems, whereas higher UPF intake was associated with more behavioural issues, greater internalising symptoms, poorer decision-making, borderline ADHD symptomatology, lower alertness, and reduced emotion recognition. Longitudinally, increased UPF consumption was linked to impaired decision-making and increased internalising problems. No significant longitudinal associations were observed for MD adherence. Biomarker analyses showed no mediation via individual polyphenols or fatty acids; however, the MD fatty acid profile was cross-sectionally associated with fewer behavioural difficulties and reduced ADHD risk. In conclusion, greater adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern appears to be associated with improved cognitive and behavioural profiles. Conversely, higher consumption of UPFs shows negative associations with various neuropsychological outcomes in adolescents. Nonetheless, the limited longitudinal findings suggest complex relationships that warrant further investigation, highlighting the importance of promoting healthy dietary habits during adolescence.